Вплив зміни тиску на цілісність резервуарів  зберігання нафтопродуктів і токсичних речовин

Taras Hlova; Mykhailo Semerak; Bogdanna Hlova; Mykola Mykhailyshyn

doi:10.33577/2312-4458.24.2021.31-36

Authors

Taras Hlova Hetman Petro Sahaidachnyi National Army Academy, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5031-5244
Mykhailo Semerak Hetman Petro Sahaidachnyi National Army Academy, Ukraine
Bogdanna Hlova Львівський національний аграрний університет, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6956-7801
Mykola Mykhailyshyn State fire and rescue unit, Ukraine

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33577/2312-4458.24.2021.31-36

Keywords:

tank, internal pressure, hoop and axial stresses, loss of tank integrity, displacement

Abstract

Tanks for the storage of oil products and toxic substances in warehouses are the main ones. They can be in the form of separate tanks or a group of tanks. The most widespread are vertical steel tanks with a stationary roof that a placed in open areas. The tanks heat up, and the intensity of evaporation of the oil product increases in case of fire. If there is a permanent roof, the pressure in the tank will increase. If the capacity of the breathing valves is less than the intensity of evaporation then there is a risk of explosion. Explosions in the tank often lead to the separation of the bottom, and the side cylindrical surface and the roof fly away instantly, spilling oil on neighboring tanks and the territory of the tank’s park. Then the combustion area increases intensively. The destruction of the integrity of the tank, due to the separation of the bottom, contributes to temperature and power stresses, the value of which increases with increasing temperature of their heating and increasing pressure, respectively. The values of temperature stresses are added to the power stresses caused by pressure, and when the critical value is reached, destruction occurs.

We investigated the stress-strain state of a steel vertical tank for the storage of oil products and toxic substances. The analysis of the reasons for the occurrence of admissible pressure in the tank, which is the reason for the loss of its integrity, is carried out. Using the differential equation of a closed cylindrical shell, which is under the action of internal pressure, analytical expressions are obtained to find deformations and stresses in the side cylindrical surface and bottom. Were calculated axial and annular stresses for the tank of RVS-900. Based on the basic relations of the theory of elasticity of thin plates and shells analytical expressions of the stress-strain state of the cylindrical tanks are obtained for conditions for changing of pressure on their structural elements. It is shown that the greatest values of axial stresses are obtained on the surface of the connection of the cylindrical surface with the bottom. The researches results are presented graphically.

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